Hinduism - Who Were The Sangama Of Southern India?

     


    Who Were The Sangama?

    The Sangama Dynasty  is a family dynasty in Ancient India.

    See the Vijayanagar dynasty for further information.



    What Is Sangam Literature?

    Sangam Literature is a kind of literature that originated in India.

    Sangam (sometimes spelt Cankam) means "academy" in Tamil and refers to a collection of classical literature written during the early years of the common period.


    What Were The Defining Qualities Of Sangama Poetry?



    Eight collections of short poems are the most well-known works in Sangam literature.

    Three of these collections belong to the puram ("outer portion") genre, while the other five belong to the akam ("inner part") genre.

    Puram poetry was "public" verse that described kings' exploits, battle, death, and other great acts.



    The Sangam poets distinguished five developed moods in Akam poetry: 

    1. Union, 
    2. patient waiting, 
    3. unfaithfulness, 
    4. separation, 
    5. and hardship.

    Akam poetry was about an individual's inner experience, especially cultured love, of which the Sangam poets distinguished five developed moods: union, patient waiting, unfaithfulness, separation, and hardship.

    Each of these moods has well-developed symbolic connotations, including associations with a certain kind of terrain, time of day and year, flora and wildlife, and different sorts of people; this level of symbolism lends amazing metaphorical richness to these works.

    The akam poems are considered to be the literary forerunners of devotional (bhakti) poetry, which originated in Tamil Nadu.


    References And Further Reading:

    • See A.K. Ramanujan (trans. ), The Interior Landscape, 1994, and Glenn Yocum, "Shrines, Shamanism, 
    • Love Poetry: Elements in the Emergence of Popular Tamil Bhakti," 
    • Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 41, No. 1, 1973.


    Also refer to, Tamil language and Tamil epics.


    ~Kiran Atma


    You may also want to read more about Hinduism here.

    Be sure to check out my writings on religion here.