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A Rediscovery And Rebirth Of India






Om Asato maa sadgamaya, tamaso maajyotirgamamaya, 

Om mrityor-maa amrutam gamamaya. 

Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih |||. 


Lord, guide me from the imaginary to the actual. 

Bring me to the light, please. 

Bring me to immortality from the grave. 

May there be absolute, unbroken peace. 


~ An incantation in Sanskrit taken from Brihadaranyaka Upanishads 1.3.28. 



In every realm Gatekeepers inadvertently act as barriers that create separation. Gatekeepers invariably become the enemies of existence awaiting eternity's Destruction. 

Rulers, Governments, Organizations, Financial Entities, and the chaos and cacophony that define them, now are the gatekeepers of the quality of Your Life on Earth. 

This speck of a planet we advanced primates call home is overrun by gatekeepers.

Gatekeepers remind me of Jaya and Vijaya, of Hiranyaksha and Hiranyakashipu, of Ravana and Kumbhakarna. Memories are all that's left(of them).


Jaya, one of the gatekeepers of the deity Vishnu's celestial home Vaikuntha, is cursed, along with his brother Vijaya, to be born three times as a demon (asura) and destroyed by Vishnu each time.

When they prevent Sanaka from seeing Vishnu, he bestows this curse on them.

The two are born as Hiranyaksha and Hiranyakashipu, who are slaughtered by the Boar avatar and the Man-Lion avatar, respectively, in their first incarnation.

Ravana and Kumbhakarna are their second incarnations, and both are destroyed by Vishnu's Rama avatar.

They reincarnate as Shisupala and Dantavaktra in their last incarnation and are murdered by Vishnu's Krishna avatar.

They return to their responsibilities as Vishnu's Guardians and Gatekeepers after the curse's criteria have been met.



Since the beginning of time, people have been to India from all over the globe. 

They have arrived as nations such as the Greeks, Romans, Persians, Arabs, Portuguese, French, Dutch, and British, as well as as ethnic groups and individuals such as Hiuen Tsang, Mark Twain, Annie Besant, Romain Rolland, and Walther Eidlitz. 

They all had one thing in common: they all came looking for money and commerce, some looking for safety from persecution, some looking for spiritual enlightenment. 

Their lives were irrevocably altered by India. In the West, the name "India" conjures up images of snake charmers, pagan gods, cows, castes, and Gandhi. In the East, it conjures up images of Buddha, curries, and elephants. 

Why is it the case? What influences the unfavorable and often biased opinions of India? Who was behind these outrageous fabrications, and why? It's crucial to travel through time to learn about an old place, its people, their beliefs, the religion, and the interactions of its residents with the rest of the world that have influenced outsiders' impressions in order to comprehend these things. 

India has unique physical, cultural, and magnificent natural limits, with a geographical mass the size of Europe minus Russia. 

Strategically situated between China and the rest of the Western world, it is home to 1/6 of mankind. 

Three major rivers—the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra—water the area whose limits extend from the Himalayas, known as the "abode of snow" for its massive mountain range. India is a triangle-shaped country that stretches from the high Himalayas to the pleasantly warm Indian Ocean. 

These geographic divisions have promoted amazing cultural variety and unity. The Hindu religion, which is followed by 850 million people, as well as its offshoots such as Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, were both developed in India, the most varied country in the world. 

Additionally, it has one of the world's fastest expanding economies right now. 

For thousands of years, connections between civilizations and countries have been centered on religion, commerce, and conquest. 

The same is true of India. Men from many different countries have been inspired by the grandeur and prosperity of classical India. Indian concepts of the soul and its reincarnation were ingrained in Pythagoras and his contemporaries. 

On his return trip from the Mongol court of China, Marco Polo, who had previously been to India, proclaimed it to be "the finest and wealthiest nation in the world." Alexander of Macedonia, a Greek, was the first to set foot on Indian soil in 326 B.C., followed by the Huns, the Arabs, the Turks, and the Afghans in 963 A.D. 

The Arabs have always engaged with India's prosperous commercial ports and cities. 

Beginning in 1526, the Mongols—Genghis Khan's descendants—conquered and ruled over a large portion of India. 

Beginning with the Portuguese in 1498, the Europeans were the last to arrive in India. 

Along with the Dutch (1639), the British (1609), the Danes (1616), the French (1664), and the Danes traveled to India's coasts in search of her fabled riches and resources. The British first arrived as merchants but lingered for over 200 years to control and plunder. 

India was reportedly visited by the first Greek, Scylax of Caryanda, in 510 BC. Since that time, Europe is aware of several reports and facts about India. Greece received several translations and writings of Indian philosophy. 

For instance, both civilizations had a reverence for the gods of heaven Varuna or Ouranos and morning Ushas or Aurora. After the rise of Islamic dominance in the seventh century, this tight communication between India and Europe came to an end. 

Numerous Sanskrit literature, notably The Mahabharat and The Bhagavad-Gita, were translated into Arabic during the subsequent Islamic assaults. According to legend, the fourth Caliph said that India is the country where books were first written and where wisdom and knowledge originated. 

The Upanishads were translated from Sanskrit into Persian by Dara Shikoh under the title Sirr-ul-Akbar during the Mongol era, when Islamic culture was being imposed, and it was in this form that European academics first encountered them. 

Sanskrit translations of Hindu texts into English were undertaken by the British, first by Charles Wilkins with his translation of "The Bhagavad Gita," then by Sir William Jones and several other translators. 

The majority of the Western world's present knowledge of Hinduism is based on translations of Hindu texts made in the second half of the eighteenth century in English, German, and French. Numerous Europeans were concerned about losing their sense of cultural identity as a result of the discovery of Sanskrit and the influence of Indian thinking on the intellectual life of Europe. 

Such foreigners are the ones who offer the names Hindu and India. 

The word "Hindu" as we use it now has Persian roots. Indians were known to the Persians as residents of the region around the Sindhu (Indus) River. Hindu was given the name by the Persians who softened the S to an H. The term Indus was transformed to Indoi by the Ionian Greeks, who learned about India from the Persians, and the country of Indus became known as India. 

India's ancient past is very vast and all-encompassing and is buried in the prehistoric obscurity of time. 

Her history is amazing in terms of its breadth, splendor, and trials. Its religion, Hinduism, also known as Sartatan Dharma, has a long and distant history that spans many yugas of time. 

A time frame so incredible that it has never been equaled by a European notion. The only revelation whose principles are entirely consistent with contemporary science is the slow and gradual construction of the cosmos. We are now living in the Kaliyuga, also known as the era of Kali, as per Vedic traditions. 

The fourth and last yuga (age) in the cosmic calendar, after Satya, Treta, Dwaparyuga, and Kali, is known as Kali yuga. According to legend, the Kaliyuga lasted for 432,000 years, the Dvaparayuga for 864,000, the Tretayuga for 1,296,000, and the Satyayuga for 17,280,000. 

The world's oldest civilization, Hinduism, has an astonishing level of continuity. Her historical records date back to the year 5000. Even now, the intricately carved temples of her mature and stable civilisation show a beauty of times past. 

Time was fittingly deified as Mahakala, Great Time, in her rich and ancient history. Hinduism firmly believes in either emptiness or infinity. The Vedic sages of India had no qualms about the vacuum or the limitless. 

Given this notion, it is only fitting that the concept of the mathematical "zero" or "sunya" was invented by the Hindus. Hinduism, also known as Sanatan Dharma, is more of a way of life than a religion. 

It is not a structured religion, has no founder or notable historical figure, lacks a centralized authority, and is hence surprisingly non-dogmatic. 

It has always placed a greater emphasis on behavior and experience than it has on doctrine, and on intuition rather than reason. It is a religion based on several texts rather than just one. It is a revelation-based religion. 

Since the word "Sanatan" means "eternal," its roots are independent of human history and experience, and its truths have been revealed by the hand of God. 

Hinduism has more old and extensive texts than any other existing religion. Since they were initially told orally and developed over thousands of years, it is challenging to date these texts. 

Hindu texts fall into two categories: Smriti, which is memorized, and Shruti, which is heard. The Upanishads and Vedas are regarded as Shruti. 

The Dharma Shastras, Nibhandas, Puranas, the Mahabharata (The Bhagavad Gita), the Ramayana, Agamas or Tantras, Darshanas, and Vedangas are among the texts that Smriti mentions (Upa Vedas). 

The Vedas (Book of Knowledge), one of the world's oldest written holy writings, are considered to be India's greatest heritage. They are an extraordinary and remarkable collection of poetry, philosophy, and hymns. 

Since they were discovered via the Vedic rishis' intuitive vision, they are regarded as having divine origins. The four Vedas are the Atharva, Yajur, Sarna, and Rig. With its comprehensive inquiries into the origin and nature of the cosmos, the "Hymn of Creation" in the Rig Veda offers the most sophisticated theory of creation. 

The song continues by stating that neither death nor immortality, neither day nor night, existed in the beginning. There was nothing but vacuum and formlessness. Then desire, the spiritual embryo and seed, emerged. 

But from whence did it really come into being, and who is able to establish its origin? The creation of the gods is later than that of our planet. 

So, from whence did it originate in the first place? The Upanishads are the last section of the Vedas, and they include mystical and intellectual explorations in search of the divine within. 

As they investigate the unity of man and God, they represent the climax of Vedic teachings and one of humanity's most profound inquiries. 

The adage "tat twam asi," "Thou are that," refers to the atman, or "breath of the Absolute," which is present in all living things and is what is really genuine and what the actual truth is. 

The Bhagavad-Gita, also known as The Song of the Lord, is a chapter of the Mahabharata, a Hindu epic. 

It is one of the most significant and well-known religious writings in India and has 18,000 stanzas. It is a conversation between Lord Krishna and Aljuna just before the start of the Great War of the Mahabharata. It is a philosophical song that perfectly explains Hindu ideology. 

The Bhagavad Gita is a very idealistic text that emphasizes absolute tolerance: "Whichever devotee desires to worship whatever heavenly form (rupa) with intense devotion, I, truly, render that faith of him steadfast." The Mahabharata has 100,000 stanzas, whilst The Ramayana's epics are divided into 24,000 stanzas. 

The Mahabharata is an insightful account of a crucial chapter in Indian history. 

New archaeological investigation has shown that the fabled city of Lord Krishna, Dwaraka, was indeed a historic location, notwithstanding disagreements about the times and locations. 

The religious practices and architecture of Indo-China, Indonesia, Cambodia, Thailand, and other locations have absorbed elements of India's poetic and creative culture, especially the protagonists of the epics Krishna and Arjuna. 

Sanskrit, an ancient Indian language, is used in Hindu sculptures. The classical language of Hinduism was Sanskrit, which has the meaning "cultured" and is also the oldest and most orderly language in existence. 

Actually, its breadth and adaptability make it the perfect language for today's computer software development. Additionally, Panini's grammar of Sanskrit is the world's smallest and most comprehensive grammar. 

Hindu texts were transmitted verbally from the sages to their pupils for a very long time. Maharishi Ved Vyasa subsequently collected these and placed them in literary form in Sanskrit. Hinduism is not a set ideology; rather, it is always evolving and changing. 

It has grown into a huge, intricate tangle of customs and philosophical ideas that is constantly expanding. It is a religion that is always changing, and because of this, it has grown very diverse and rich, like an elaborate tapestry with many different colors. 

Hinduism is flexible, diversified, and open to accepting various faiths. Dharma is an all-encompassing cosmic rule that controls every aspect of the cosmos, including every single soul. It is the most fundamental law of the universe and the basis of all things. 

Our lives are governed by the rule of karma, a natural law similar to the law of gravity. Karma is influenced by personal behavior. You get back what you put in. Thus, the interaction of cause and effect is the web of Karma. 

It is the natural result of our prior deeds. Samsara, the cycle of birth, life, death, and reincarnation, is the outcome of this. The emancipation from this cycle is the aim of all Hindu philosophy. These ideas make it difficult for most Hindus to understand the Western concept of a single existence. 

Contrary to common opinion, Hinduism is a monotheistic religion because it honors the unity within diversity of the divine. There are several ways to reach God, and each one is as legitimate. There are no heretics or unbelievers in this good religion. 

The everlasting goal of India was to unite all of creation under one human identity. All life and all pathways are thus sacrosanct. In the holistic religion of Hinduism, all life—including that of humans, animals, and plants—is revered. 

Hinduism has always been an ecologically conscious religion, and like a rainforest, it has continually renewed, developed, and changed over the centuries. Hinduism may place the most emphasis on environmental ethics of any religion. 

With its notions of ahimsa, there is a special sensitivity to not just the human world but to the whole natural world (non-violence). Because of the pervasive concern for life, India (Bharat Mata) as a whole is regarded as holy. In actuality, Lord Vishnu's spouse is personified as Mother Earth. 

India, a holy nation sandwiched between the Himalayan Mountains and the Indian Ocean, has a long history of coexisting peacefully and developing into a wonderful civilization. 

The whole nation, including its seven sacred towns, like Dwaraka, its seven sacred rivers, like the Ganga and the Saraswati, and its seven sacred mountains, like the Himalayas and Arunachal, are revered as holy places of pilgrimage. 

There is little doubt that Classical India was a wealthy civilization with thriving trade relations with many regions of the globe, including Southeast Asia. Students anxious to get a top-notch education flocked to her universities, including Taxila and Nalanda. 

India has been praised for her wealth from ancient times. She had always been the center of attention, drawing both Asian and European admirers who lusted for her sparkling riches. All conquerors, including Alexander, aspired to possess India, and she was their ultimate goal. 

Indian civilization, including mathematics, medicine, and other fields, entered the West through the Arabs. As the fabled and wealthy "golden bird" of the East, India was often targeted by the West over her northern boundary. 

The defenseless, women, aged, priests, and the captured population could not be killed, and the rules of battle in Hinduism were exceedingly chivalrous and merciful. Numerous ethnic groups found refuge in tolerant, kind India, yet during religious fervor, many Hindus were massacred, slain, and sold into slavery. 

Before the beginning of the Muslim invasion and the beginning of European empire, religious intolerance was scarcely ever seen in ancient India. 

India was one of the most developed civilizations ever on the eve of the Muslim conquest in the Illth century A.D. 

India had a deeply inventive culture. 

Her building was intricate and mesmerizing, and her sculptures were lovely, sumptuous, and sensuous. 

Her temples were desecrated, pillaged, and burned during the reign of Islamic dominion, and her collected valuables were stolen by ferocious hordes. 

They slaughtered, pillaged, and demolished magnificent and valuable buildings of great architectural beauty, such as Somnath temple, which is revered to all Hindus, while announcing a "holy war" or "jihad" against unbelievers. 

This historic nation of culture, chivalry, and beauty was left broken, wounded, and suffering after such an unimaginable atrocity. Rarely in human history have there been such deadly fury, such brutal killing, and such senseless obliteration of a great and developed culture. 

Even under such terrible, horrifying, and deadly circumstances, tolerant Hindus reverted to following their Vedic forefathers' habit of seeking out that Supreme Reality. In such a situation, the majority of ancient civilizations would have crumbled under repeated fierce assaults on their lands, but not India. 

Hinduism is a deeply spiritual culture that has survived despite the perversion and brutality of the Islamic invasion. India is still the only ancient civilization remaining in existence despite waves of attacks from Islam and Christianity. 

All of the others have vanished. Invaders and her tormentors have been brutally attacked by NDIA, but she has elegantly resisted them like a beautiful and noble goddess. Her perseverance and steely will to live are astounding given her experience. 

Ancient India was not subject to ongoing persecution or religious wars. 

Then, in 1498, the devotees of that one envious God were once again on the march, this time represented by the Portuguese. 

In Goa, the Hindus were subjected to the Inquisition, which was instituted by conquerors armed with guns and the gospel truth. 

Hindu festivals and devotion were outlawed, and lavishly decorated temples were destroyed. 

The Portuguese, who held the supremacy of their religion in high regard, brutalized and tortured the Hindus in an effort to convert them to Catholicism. 

The British followed closely behind the Portuguese. Under British Rule, Hindus did not fare much better. Theological imperialism was introduced by the British. 

Because they ruled India via Indology, they were more crafty than the Portuguese. The goal, like with all imperial exploits and empires, was to portray India's indigenous culture as barbaric, impoverished, and worthless. 

In order to convert Indians to Christianity and maintain governmental authority over their colonies, the study of Hinduism was conducted. Indology has evolved into a preferred tool for the attack on India's spiritual and cultural roots. 

The effect of a cultural bomb is to annihilate a people's belief in their names, in their languages, in their environments, in their heritage of struggle, in their unity, in their capacities, and ultimately in themselves, according to Kenyan Ngugi WaThiong'o (1938), author of Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. 

The British, like the Portuguese, felt that their religion was supreme and that they were bringing civilization to the barbarians. 

By methodically stealing India's vast riches and resources while disguising their actions under the "White man's burden," they overnight transformed India into a Third World nation. 

With their Victorian morality and anti-colonial resentment, the British began researching and translating Hindu texts into English as a way to discredit and weaken Hinduism. 

There have been attempts to portray Hindu philosophy as animistic, a relic, a museum piece, a source of gross paganism, and thus, as a source of primal barbarism. 

The translation distorted Hindu philosophy, history, and culture, which has seriously harmed Hindus' sense of self-worth. The goal of studying indology was to persuade the educated Indians to reject their traditional identities and cultures in favor of supporting the British Empire. 

An entire generation of mentally colonized "brown sahibs" who were and still are alienated from their own cultural heritage resulted from this Anglo indoctrination in India, which proved to be so successful. 

The British adopted a strategy of divide and rule in order to maintain their colonial control over their "jewel in the crown," India. They are said to be the ones who first proposed the racist, out-of-date Aryan invasion thesis. 

This notion implied that the Hindu texts were not really indigenous to India and that Indians were unable to create their own religion. The European concept of its own superiority would have been crushed if it had been believed differently. 

This supported the British Raj in India. Surprisingly, there were many people in the West who were incredibly fascinated, were open-minded and sincere in their spiritual search, and many who did acknowledge the metaphysical loftiness and nobility of Hindu thought during the early 19th century, while pioneers in Indology were busy tearing down, denouncing, and discrediting anything Indian or Hindu as primitive theology. 

Some people were mesmerized by her famed and enormous epics, like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Jules Michelet, who was becoming quite lyrical, described the Ramayana as "a divine poem, an ocean of milk." German poet Henrich Heine once referred to the spiritual treasures of India in a statement "The treasures of India have been transported home by the Portuguese, Dutch, and English in their large ships for a very long time. 

Germany would follow suit, but hers would be troves of esoteric wisdom." The profound thought of India was discovered by Europe in the 19th century to their astonishment. 

The Upanishads (Oupnekhat) were translated by Anquetil-Duperron from a Persian version written by Dar a Shikoh, the son of Mughal Emperor Shah Jehan. 

A cultural practice that dates back to the furthest antiquity and has since been lost in the mist of time intrigued Europeans. Immanuel Kant's idealism has numerous similarities with the Upanishads, as Duperron has noted. 

The greatest thinkers in the West, including Voltaire, Michelet, Thoreau, and Emerson, have all sipped from the nectar of Hindu philosophy. As soon as they experienced it, their love for Indian philosophy persisted. 

Some were drawn to the Hindus' "wonderful power of abstraction," while others were frequently drawn to Vedanta's sublime teachings and supreme glory. Many expressed their admiration for the illuminating literary gems of Hinduism, such as the Bhagavad Gita, the Vedas, and the Upanishads, quite vociferously. 

The spiritual thinking and wisdom of Ancient India, despite the wars and empire, gave the West a significant cultural boost. In particular, the depth of India's influence on the Western imagination and on English Romantic poetry in particular, offered a major cultural stimulation. 

By emulating and adopting some of these concepts and theories into their own work, academics, poets, artists, philosophers, and scientists have all given the greatest tribute to India's magnificent philosophical, religious, creative, linguistic, and cultural creativity. 

For his poem Leaves of Grass, Walt Whitman, for instance, drew inspiration from the Bhagavad Gita. 

When writing the What the Thunder Said section of the Waste Land, T. S. Eliot drew inspiration from the Bhagavad Gita and the Upanishad. The Bhagavad Gita, described by Count Maurice Maeterlinck as "a glorious bloom of Hindu spirituality," was written. 

In 1797, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe showed his respect for Kalidasa by basing the prologue of his play Faust on that of Sakuntala. Even Victor Hugo, the renowned French author and creator of Les Misérables, expressed awe and respect for the vastness of the universe as it was described in the Indian epics. 

He turned the Kena Upanishad story into verse in his poem Suprematie.a Legend o/the Ages. 

The Bhagavad Gita is a gem among world scriptures because of its majestic beauty. 

The Gita was deemed by Wilhelm von Humboldt to be "the most beautiful, and maybe the only pure intellectual song, existent in any known dialect." The world has to offer is "the deepest and loftiest thing," too. 

Even the renowned composer Ludwig van Beethoven was impacted by this unrestrained passion with India. His musical writings include snippets from the Gita and the Upanishads. In contrast to the West, science and religion are not mutually exclusive in India. 

Science is seen as a component of the same quest for truth that Vedic rishis imagined in order to comprehend the cosmos and the outside world. With ideas that are both mystical and alluringly scientific, ancient Vedic spiritual beliefs have influenced contemporary science. 

For instance, Anand a Coomaraswamy's description of The Dance of Shiva (Nataraja) is as follows: "is the most accurate depiction of God's cosmic activity that any form of art or religion can claim. 

The idea itself is a synthesis of art, science, and religion." Numerous scientists, including J. Robert Oppenheimer, Frijof Capra, Schrodinger, Carl Jung, and others, have often consulted the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita in search of new insights. 

Ancient Hindu sages had developed a universe theory of enormous proportions that was startlingly modern in scope. Their amazing estimate of the age of the cosmos agrees exactly with modern science. 

Huston Smith has noted on the astounding Hindu view of the age of the Earth: "India was already picturing ages and eons and galaxies as numerous as the sands of the Ganges while the West was probably still thinking of a world that was just 6,000 years old. 

Modern astronomy can effortlessly fit into the folds of the Universe due to its size." Such uncompromising, radical, and bold theories had no effect on the foundation of India's ancient Vedic society. 

From the early Vedic period to the present, India has never practiced book burning, executed heretics, imprisoned scientists in dungeons, or housed dissidents in insane asylums. 

Numerous adherents of Hinduism, from tired old men to lonely old women, have found solace in the religion's lofty philosophy. The great German philosopher Schopenhauer exclaimed, "It has been the solace of my life, and it will be the solace of my death," after reading the Upanishads. 

Many concepts and theories that have only recently started to be investigated in the West were anticipated by Indian sages. India and her ideas introduced the West to a philosophy of before unseen intricacy and innovation. 

Hinduism has always been known for its unending tolerance. The priceless proclamation "eko sat vipra bahudi vedanti" found in Hindu scripture (one truth, but discerned differently by the wise). 

This exquisite tolerance is evidence of a sophisticated, old society. Hinduism is notable for its positive beliefs and the fact that those who do not practice it are not regarded as heretics or infidels, making it a religion for rational thought. 

All roads lead to the peak, India's serene boldness of intuition has boldly declared (God). The only major global religion to openly and definitely declare that "Tmth is One, the Wise call it by diverse names" is Hinduism. 

When Europeans first encountered India during the early years of British colonialism, they saw Hinduism through the prism of their own religion and culture and came to an unfavorable and frequently hostile conclusion. 

The British made a valiant effort to depict Hinduism negatively as superstitious, primitive, and idolatrous in order to maintain their authority. Defaming Hinduism became a goal of the imperial mission to maintain their power. 

Some evangelical Europeans desired to mold India after their own Christian ideal. They then went on to translate Hindu scriptures in order to aid Hindu conversion to Christianity. 

With the exception of individuals like Sir John Woodroffe, Annie Besant, and Sister Nivedita, the British invaded and conquered India, plundering her earthly richness but failing to understand India's great spiritual treasure. 

Ancient India continues to be the world leader in matters of the spirit and the soul despite trauma and tribulations, conquest and colonization, invasion and fanatical zeal. Hinduism is now a vibrant phenomenon and a widely practiced religion. 

In search of their spiritual home, China, Japan, Tibet, Thailand, Cambodia, Burma, and Sri Lanka have all looked to India. 

It is unquestionably necessary to examine Hinduism in the age of globalization with clean, unblemished eyes, from a fresh angle, and possibly through the lenses of what some Western and Eastern intellectuals, philosophers, writers, and scientists have observed and documented. 

It is time to let go of our past biases, prejudices, and chauvinistic attitudes in order to learn about other people's cultures and religions, including the ancient spiritual splendor of India. 

The history and culture of India need to be read again. 

Beyond the present glaring clichés of "cow, curry, and caste," beyond "heathen gods," "sati," and "idol worship," it is essential and crucial for Hindus and Non-Hindus to understand what insightful minds have to say about Hindu texts and her noble philosophy. 

We need to find out what exactly about Hindu philosophy appealed to these intellectuals from around the world. 

Why did Western free thinkers delve so deeply into India's spiritual heritage while others robbed her of her material wealth? 

Why are the similarities between Hindu chronology and time scales developed by ancient Indian sages so intriguing to Western scientists? 

Why did Bhagvad Gita's spiritual teachings and lofty magnificence cause Western philosophers and poets to become so moved and spellbound? 

How did the most profound metaphysics ever known to mankind affect a great number of academics and thinkers around the world? 

Most importantly, why is Hinduism still perpetuated as an illogical, backward, absurd, and unreasonable religion despite their fascination, reverence, admiration, and appreciation for it? 

It seems somewhat weird in today's society of plurality and religious variety. 

This essay's goal is to give readers a new perspective on Hinduism by using the insights of luminaries who lived in various eras and climates up until the present. 

The goal is to eliminate the bias and prejudice against Hinduism that has existed for many years. Additionally, it aims to dispel myths and misunderstandings about Indian customs and instill pride in the country's rich cultural legacy. 

The wise men who have come before us have expressed reverence, respect, and appreciation for Hinduism in their quotes. In a manner, this is also a testament to their liberalism, their open minds, and their sincere efforts to reconcile our chaotic environment with our shared spiritual destiny. 

This reminds us of a wide range of quotations and thoughts from eminent thinkers, scientists, writers, philosophers, intellectuals, and professionals from all walks of life, both in the West and the East. 

Many of them have been influenced by the Vedas, Bhagavad Gita, and the Upanishads. 

Thus, they were naturally drawn to the vast, imaginative, and speculative genius of the Hindus. 

Hinduism, a religion with a worldwide outlook, provides lessons in tolerance, open-mindedness, and freedom at our time of spiritual crisis, theological imperialism, senseless terrorism and violence, exclusivism and intolerance, religious superiority, and superficial spirituality. 

It extends a respectful hand to other religious traditions and recognizes the validity of all paths. 

A grand visual environment for its followers has been produced as a result of its profound imagination, which has given the world a rich variety of deities (gods and goddesses). 

Hinduism offers the much-needed spiritual democracy that allows us to worship whichever god we see fit. Due to its old civilization and developed culture, Hinduism is a global religion with a wide base that can respectfully welcome all other religions. 

Even if the great Mayan and Aztec civilizations, the pyramids of ancient Egypt, Classical Greece and Rome, and the desert wind-eroded Egyptian monuments are all long gone, an unbroken line of Indians are still reciting the Vedas today. 

In the wise words of J Donald Walters, Hinduism may be regarded as "the most spiritually grounded civilization in the world." Hinduism offers hope to a conflict-ridden, benighted, and trouble-weary world with its profound scriptural words: "In an age of commingling of nations and global economies, in an age of jihad and inane and aggressive evangelism, in an age of militant and uncompromising intolerance, and in a world increasingly subsumed by religious fanaticism" "streams that come from hills on all sides flow into the bosom of the great sea. 

Their names as different as their sources, And thus in every place do mankind kneel down To one mighty God, though known by many names".


~Kiran Atma



Hinduism - How Does The Zodiac In Hindu Astrology Compare With Western Astrology?

 


The signs of the zodiac in Indian astrology (jyotisha) are almost similar to those in Western astrology, and it is widely assumed that the Greek zodiac was carried to India through Greek kingdoms in modern Afghanistan in the first to third centuries.

The Indian zodiac uses Dhanus ("bow") instead of Sagittarius, Makara (a sea monster that is commonly mistaken for a crocodile) instead of Capricorn, and Kumbha ("[water] pot") instead of Aquarius.

Each of the twelve signs, like Western astrology, has its own set of qualities that those born under them are infused with.

Although both begin with the sign of Aries, the two systems vary significantly in how they calculate the yearly beginning point.

The Western astrological zodiac starts on the spring equinox, with the sign of Aries being the first sign.

According to Indian legend, the zodiac begins when the sun touches the midway of a group of stars known as Ashvini.

It is therefore based on the sun's position in relation to the fixed stars, while the Western zodiac is based on the sun's position in relation to the earth—that is, when it meets the equator—and hence is independent of the fixed stars.

These disparities have resulted in a discrepancy between the two systems, which is now more than three weeks apart—Aries begins on March 21 in the Western zodiac, but not until around April 14 in the Indian zodiac.

This inconsistency may also be found in the accounts of Makara Sankranti and Karka Sankranti, which are considered the winter and summer solstices yet fall in the second weeks of January and July, respectively.

Given the three-week time gap, it's not surprising that the astrological calculations between these two systems diverge significantly.


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Hinduism - Who Are The Yadava?

 


The tribe from whom the deity Krishna is claimed to have sprung and over which he reigned after establishing his dominion in the city of Dwaraka, according to Hindu legend.

Between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in Indian history, the Yadava dynasty ruled the Deccan area in present Maharashtra.

This is the name of a specific jati in northern Indian culture, an endogamous social grouping organized (and whose social position dictated) by the group's hereditary vocation.

The Yadavas had a low social status in previous generations, but they have recently risen to prominence in politics—Mulayam Singh Yadav has twice been elected chief minister of Uttar Pradesh and has also served as India's defense minister; Laloo Prasad Yadav has served as chief minister of Bihar (either directly or indirectly through his wife) throughout the 1990s.


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Hinduism - Who Is Vyasa In Hindu Mythology?

 



A sage who is traditionally thought to be the creator of the Mahabharata, the second of the two major Sanskrit epics, according to Hindu mythology. 

As a consequence of his dalliance with the ferrywoman Satyavati, Vyasa is the son of the sage Parashara.

Satyavati marries King Shantanu later in life, but only after securing the guarantee that their offspring will govern instead of Shantanu's firstborn son, Bhishma.

Satyavati's first son dies as a youngster, and his second son dies after marrying but before producing children.

Satyavati begs Vyasa to sleep with the brides of her younger sons, Ambika and Ambalika, in order to save Shantanu's dynasty.

Vyasa is a terribly unattractive man, according to legend, and both ladies respond automatically when he comes in their beds.

Ambika conceals her eyes, causing her son Dhrtarashtra to be born blind, while Ambalika becomes pale, leading her son Pandu to be born with an unusually pale complexion.

Vyasa also has intercourse with Ambika's maidservant, who freely submits herself to him, and Vidura is born from her.

The Pandavas and Kauravas, respectively, are the descendants of Pandu and Dhrtarashtra, the two warring groups whose rivalry propels the Mahabharata.

As a result, Vyasa is not only the Mahabharata's author, but also the source of the Mahabharata's two families' fight.


Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - Who Is Vithoba?

 


The presiding deity of the same-named temple in Pandharpur, Maharashtra; Vithoba's other epithets include Vitthala and Pandurang.

Vithoba was a deified hero who was assimilated into the larger Hindu pantheon as a form of the god Vishnu, according to some theories.

Vishnu is drawn to Pandharpur by the filial piety of a young boy named Pundalika, according to the temple's founding legend.

When Vishnu arrives, Pundalika is massaging his father's feet, and when Vishnu requests the hospitality due to any guest, Pundalika only stops long enough to throw a brick over his shoulder, allowing the god to stand out of the mud.

Vishnu becomes rooted to that spot and has remained there ever since, impressed that Pundalika's devotion to his parents exceeds even his devotion to God; Vithoba's image depicts him with his hands on his hips (still waiting, perhaps, for Pundalika).

Apart from this story, Vithoba has a surprising lack of mythic history, despite becoming a powerful regional deity.

The Varkari Panth religious community, Vithoba's devotees (bhakta), make pilgrimages to Pandharpur twice a year.

Pilgrims travel from all over the world to visit Pandharpur, which is located in the Bhima River valley on the Maharashtra-Karnataka border.

Individual pilgrims travel in small groups known as dindis, which are usually made up of people from the same neighborhood or area.

The dindis are organized into palkhis, which are led by a palanquin (palkhi) bearing the san dals of one of the Varkari poet-saints.

Each palkhi leaves from a location associated with a particular saint—for example, Jnaneshvar's palkhi leaves from Alandi, where he lived, and thus he and all the other saints are still symbolically traveling to Pandharpur twice a year.

Each of these palkhis follows a predetermined route, and pilgrims time their departure and arrival in Pandharpur to coincide with the eleventh day (ekadashi) in the bright half of Ashadh (June–July) in the summer and the eleventh day in the bright half of Kartik (October–November) in the fall.

Pilgrims liken their journey to a small stream merging with other streams, eventually forming a mighty river that flows into Pandharpur.

Pilgrims sing devotional songs composed by poet-saints such as Jnaneshvar, Namdev, Eknath, Tukaram, Chokamela, Gora, Janabai, and Bahina Bai while on their journey.

By walking in the footsteps of the saints before them and singing their devotional songs, the pilgrims are emulating them.

The pilgrimage ends with the entry into Pandharpur and the worship of Vithoba, but the journey itself is the most important part.

G. A. Deleury's The Cult Of Vithoba, 1960; I. B. Karve's "On the Road," Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 22 No. 1, 1962; and Digambar Balkrishna's Digambar Balkrishna's Digambar Balkrishna's Digambar Balkrishna's Digambar Balkrishna's Digambar Balkrishna Palkhi: An Indian Pilgrimage, edited by Mokashi, was first published in 1987.



Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - Who Is Vichitravirya In Hindu Mythology?

 



Satyavati's and King Shantanu's grand son in Hindu legend. 


King Vichitravirya's wives are Ambika and her sister Ambalika, who died without heirs.

Satyavati, Vichitravirya's mother, asks her son, Vyasa, to sleep with his brother's two wives in a desperate effort to preserve the lineage.



Ambika and Ambalika each recoil from Vyasa on their own, and each of their sons is born with a flaw: 


  • Ambika conceals her eyes, causing her son Dhrtarashtra to be born blind.
  • Ambalika becomes pale, leading her son Pandu to be born with an unusually pale skin.


Ambika is so horrified by Vyasa's looks that she sends her serving maid instead when she is urged to sleep with him again.

In contrast to the two sisters, Ambika's maid happily serves Vyasa and receives a gorgeous son called Vidura as a result.



Vichitravirya dies after marrying Ambika and Ambalika but before fathering any children.


Satyavati only asks her oldest son, Vyasa, to sleep with the two women in order to continue King Shantanu's lineage.

Vyasa sires Pandu and Dhrtarashtra from this marriage, and their descendants become the principal fighting factions in the Mahabharata, the second of the two great Sanskrit epics.


~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Are The Veda?

 



A Sanskrit word that in its essence means "“knowledge”.  The earliest and most authoritative collection of Hindu holy scriptures, also known as shruti ("heard").

These words, according to legend, were not written by humans but rather by the original vibrations of the universe itself.


The ancient sages, whose perceptual powers had been refined by arduous religious practice, were able to "hear" and comprehend these vibrations, and they were able to transfer them to others in a lineage of learning.

On one level, the word veda appears in the titles of four separate texts: the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda, each with its own purpose and substance.


The Vedic hymns (samhitas), the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads all use the word veda to refer to the information found in these works or its appendices.

Although these four collections of writings are all deemed Vedic, their forms and characteristics are vastly diverse.

The samhitas are praise songs dedicated to certain deities, and they are mostly found in the Rig Veda and the Sama Veda.

The Brahmanas, on the other hand, are precise ritual manuals that outline how to conduct intricate sacrifice ceremonies; the Aranyakas and Upanishads, on the other hand, are theoretical musings on the nature of the world.


The Vedas were regarded so holy that they were not written down for 3,000 years, instead being passed down orally, a method of transmission that is still used today.

The Vedas' power derives not from their exact meaning, but from the sound of them, which is the same sound heard by the sages thousands of years ago.

To keep this tradition alive, Hindus devised a complex system of mnemonics to guarantee that the writings were not changed or damaged, keeping their power.


~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Is The Vamana Avatar?

 



Vishnu's fifth incarnation, this time in the shape of a dwarf ("vamana").

The Vamana avatar, like all of Vishnu's avatars, appears in times of crisis and serves to restore cosmic balance that has been thrown out of equilibrium.

The source of the problem in this case is a demon (asura) named Bali, who has grown so powerful that he can rule the entire universe and do whatever he wants.

In this case, as in many others, Vishnu uses cunning and trickery rather than overt power to defeat and subdue this disruptive force.

Bali is sponsoring a great sacrifice to which all the gods and sages have come, according to legend.

Vishnu appears as a dwarf who is disguised as a mendicant brahmin.

As part of the gift-giving (dana) connected with sacrifice, Bali lavishes lavish presents on all in attendance, and he pledges to give Vamana everything he desires.

Vamana declines the promise of riches, land, and material goods, instead requesting simply three paces of land on which to build his own sacrifice altar.

Bali is pleased by the request and gives it without hesitation, despite Shukra, his religious preceptor (guru), telling him not to.

Vamana starts to grow as soon as Bali pours water on Vamana's hand, signifying that the gift has been bestowed irreversibly.

He expands to the point when he takes up all of the space in the universe, and then he starts to walk his three steps.

He spans the earth with his first stride, the skies with his second, and there is nowhere else to go with his third.

Bali recognizes his loss and recommends that Vishnu's third step should fall on his head as a sign of submission.

Bali is pushed down into the nether realm by Vishnu's third step, where he remains the monarch.

Bali's tragedy, like those of many previous avatars, teaches a valuable lesson: Vishnu's goal is not to kill him, but to restore cosmic equilibrium that has been disrupted by one entity obtaining excessive or inappropriate power.

Bali retains his power as a result of his devotion to Vishnu, although on a smaller scale.

The idea of measuring out the mono poem in three phases may be found in Vishnu's mythology's earliest layer.

Vishnu is depicted as a protective and beneficent god who sets the borders of the cosmos with three steps in one of the few hymns to him in the Rg Veda (1.154), the earliest Hindu holy source.

Trivikrama ("three stages") is the term given to this incarnation of Vishnu; it's possible that the theme from this hymn was grafted onto the Vamana narrative as part of the pantheon's assimilation process.

~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Is Valmiki Jayanti?

 

Valmiki Jayanti is a Hindu festival commemorating the birth of Valmiki.

On the full moon in the lunar month of Ashvin (September–October), a festival is held.

This day is said to be the birthday of the poet Valmiki, the author of the Ramayana, the first of the two Sanskrit epics, according to legend.

~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - Who Is Vaishno Devi?

 


Vaishno Devi is a Hindu goddess.

One of the nine Shiwalik goddesses, Vaishno Devi is the presiding goddess of the Vaishno Devi temple, which is housed in a cave on Trikut mountain in the highlands near Jammu.

Pilgrims traveling to Vaishno Devi go by vehicle from Jammu to Katra, where they walk the 10 kilometers to the shrine.

Vaishno Devi's representations, like many of the Shiwalik goddesses', are "self-manifested" (svayambhu) in the shape of three stone outcrops.

The three manifestations of the Goddess recorded in the Devimahatmya, the oldest and most authentic source for the Goddess's mythology, are thought to be Mahakali, Mahalakshmi, and Mahasaraswati.

The presence of all three goddesses is said to make this place immensely potent, and Vaishno Devi is said to fulfill any request made by her worshippers (bhakta).

Those whose desires are fulfilled, according to some traditions, are strongly urged to return, both to praise the Goddess and to offer testimony to her goodness.

The number of visitors to the site has skyrocketed in recent years, perhaps expressing concerns about contemporary Indian life.

Vaishno Devi's charter myth is linked to a number of legends.

The name Vaishno is derived from the Hindu god Vishnu, and it refers to Vaishno Devi's birth as a partial incarnation of Vishnu.

Vaishno Devi is a vegetarian goddess who does not accept animal sacrifices, which is one proof of their relationship.

According to another legend, Vaishno Devi was the location where the goddess Sati's torn arms descended to earth.

Since this myth is never linked to Vaishno Devi, it seems to be a clear effort to link into the Shakti Pithas, a network of temples dedicated to the Goddess that stretches throughout the subcontinent.

Shridhara, a brahmin, is said to have found the cave in the longest version of the charter tale.

Shridhara, a devout follower of the Goddess (who has put him to the test in numerous ways), is troubled by the fact that he is childless.

In a dream, the Goddess shows him the site of the Vaishno Devi grotto.

He eventually discovers the cave after a long search and is soon rewarded with four sons, proving Vaishno Devi's vow that she would satisfy her worshippers' wishes, whatever they may be.

Kathleen Erndl's Victory to the Mother, published in 1993, has further information.

~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Is The Udasi Ascetic Society?


Shrichandra (1492–1612), the oldest son of Guru Nanak, the first of the ten Sikh gurus, created the Udasi ascetic society.

Nanak passed up Shrichandra as his successor because Shrichandra had become an ascetic, according to one legend.

Guru Nanak objected to this, believing that his devotees should be married in society.

The Udasis have always been an ascetic sect, and they have been distinguished from the two other great ascetic sects, the Sanyasis and the Bairagis, from their founding.

The Sanyasis worship Shiva, while the Bairagis worship Vishnu, whereas the Udasis worship the Panchayatana grouping of five Hindu deities (Shiva, Vishnu, Ganesh, Surya, and Durga), rather than one or the other alone.

The Udasis march third in the Kumbha Mela's bathing (snana) processions, following the Sanyasis and Bairagis.

They have maintained some informal contacts with the Sikh community as a result of their founder's legacy, but they have always been recognized to be Hindus.

In the early twentieth century, there was a lot of animosity between the Udasis and the Sikh community because the Sikhs were more self-aware of their unique identity.

~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Are The Major Works Of Tulsidas?

 

Tulsidas (1532–1623) was a Hindu king who lived from 1532 to 1623.

Poet-saint and devotee (bhakta) of the deity Rama, whose major literary work, the Ramcharitmanas, retells the epic Ramayana in the colloquial idiom of his day.

Tulsidas was born into a desperately poor brahmin family, according to evidence in his poetry, but the power of Rama's name transformed his life.

This may be interpreted both metaphorically and literally as a reference to his instructor, who is said to have been a Ramanandi.

Tulsidas repeatedly emphasizes that Rama's name contains the divinity's power and so makes that power available to believers.

Despite his reputation, he had a hard life, according to legend, and his stress on devotion caused him conflicts with other brahmins who were worried about preserving their social standing.

Tulsidas, like all of the Ramayana's vernacular retellings, did not simply translate Rama's story, but also interpreted it according to his own religious convictions.

The two most significant shifts are Tulsidas' overwhelming emphasis on the importance of devotion (bhakti) and the salvific power of Rama's name, which Tulsidas values more than Rama himself.

Tulsidas also incorporates legendary material from a number of other texts, including the Shiva Purana and the Adhyatmaramayana, to name a few.

This content is mostly added to the opening and end chapters, which are where Tulsidas deviates the most from the original epic.

One theory for why Tulsidas brought in this additional material is because he was attempting to transcend narrow sectarian limit aries, as shown by the fact that most of the poem is told by the deity Shiva in the form of a conversation with his wife Parvati.

The crow Bhushundi, who represents the power of dedication to save even an ordinary carrion-eating crow, takes over as narrator for portion of the last book.

Apart from the Ramcharitmanas, Tulsidas wrote a number of additional works in several regional languages, each devoted to a different deity; the Kavitavali, Vinaya Patrika, Ramavali, and Shrikrishnavali are among the most notable.

Tulsidas mentions writing down his poetry, and although the manuscript tradition for some of his writings is unknown, the move from song to written text happened far quicker than it did for most of his contemporaries, many of whom were illiterate.

For further details, read F. Raymond Allchin's Kavitavali (1964); W. Douglas P. Hill's The Holy Lake of Rama's Acts (1971); and John Stratton Hawley and Mark Juergensmeyer's Songs of the Saints of India (1988).

~Kiran Atma


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Hinduism - What Is Tripura In Hindu Mythology?


Tripura is a Sanskrit word that means "three cities." 

The triple metropolis erected by the three sons of the demon Taraka: Kamalaksha, Tarakaksha, and Vidyunmali, according to Hindu legend.

As a consequence of Shiva's destruction of the demons' three cities, one of Shiva's epithets is Tripurari, which means "Enemy of the Three Cities."